Paper-stock



UNITED srATns PATENT orrrou,

FIR-AN K J. BAUMG-AIRDNER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR ONE-FOURTH T FRANK L. PHIPPS AND ONE-FOURTH TO CHARLES R. GIBSON, BOTH 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ranks-room 1,334,513. p fi fi 6! Letters Patent Patented Mar. 23, 1920. No Drawing. Application filed March 3, 1917,-\Sei"ia1 No. 152,248. Renewed August 6, 1919. Serial No.

T ll wh it may o c r I Y step in the process of preparing the paper- Be it known that I, FRANK J. BAUMGARD- stock for use in the paper making machine, NEH, a citizen of the United States, residing and is preferably introduced into the pulp at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga an as it comes from the reducing or beating 5 State of Ohio, have invented certain new engine and while such pulp is in the mixing and useful Improvements in Paper-Stocks, or washing'engine so that such pulp will of which the'following is a specification, become thoroughly impregnated with such My invention relates to improvements in powdered oyster shells (and surface sizing paper-stocks, the primary object beingthe where such is used) in about the propor- 10 provision of a generally improved papertlons stated, and preparatory to introduction stock whereby a generally improved paper into the machine. having the particular qualities required to I have discovered that such powdered meet the varyin demands of actual service shells when introduced and combined as may be produce from paper-pulp prepared stated furnish what is supplied by the above 15 in any suitable and convenient manner from 'mentroned commonly employed eliminated Y any of the usual and well known pulp form chemicals and that the same eliminates the ing materials. undesirable properties and objections thereto More specifically stated, my invention reas found by actual experience and well lates to an improved filler or engine sizing known to those skilled in thisparticular art.

20 adapted to be used in lieu of and as an For examp1e,--Ghina clay fills the pores improved substitute for certain materials or of the paper and renders it brittle and more chemicals, such for example, asChina clay, llable to break or tear. Alum is used as a alum, sulfate of soda, resin, and the like, preclpitatlng agent and as this filler is itself now commonly employed for such purposes aprecipltant this ingredient may be readily 25 and which'have been found objectionable dispensed with. S lf f s da is unnecfor reasons hereinafter pointed out; essary as lts qualities are made up in the My improved filler omprises powdered o nnproved filler and, furthermore, owing to finel divid d o te h ll r d ed b grind the calcium silicates contained in this filler ing or crushing and preferably of a fineness a strong binding agent or medium is pro- 30 adapted to pass through a screen of from vided thereby making the resultant paper a (250) two hundred and fifty to (300) three stronger and more flexlble, holding its conhundred mesh per square inch according to slstency at all times and rendering the same the particular nature of the prepared pulp absolutely free from acids. and the material from which it is reduced Furthermore, the chlorid of lime used as a 35 as well as the requirements of the particular bleaching agent in the preparation of the paper to be produced. Suitable sizing ma pulp afterward gives off from the paper terial in comparatively small proportion produced a I1OX10U.S odor which latter is may also be incorporated therewith for largely el1m1nated by the improved filler smoothing the printing surface where such and ow ng to the particular character and 40 is required in the paper to be produced, and propertles of the same in many cases the use my improved filler is preferably thoroughly of chlorld of lime or other bleaching agent incorporated with theprepared pulp in submay be largely reduced and in some cases stantially the proportions of (1) one part ent1rely d1spensed with, of such filler to five (5) parts of pulp, and Practical experlments and tests have 45 such proportions being best obtained by shown that the aper resultmg from the usev weighing the ulp and filler material so that of my mprove paper filler is stronger in for example 5) five pounds of the former proportion to welght, has a better surface will be present to (1) one pound of the latwith improved ink-taking qualities, and is ter, such proportions, however, being varied less affected by moisture. 7 so somewhat in accordance with the nature of By the use in the paper pulp of my imthe pulp and the character of the paper to proved filler as a strengthening and binding be roduced. agent, the liability of the paper to break ben ca ing out my invention, the im-, tween the cylinders on the Webb presses is proved filer is preferably introduced as a reduced to a minimum. The paper being more thoroughly impregnated with the filler is less porous and consequently gathers less molsture.

Furthermore, many of the materials now used in the manufacture of paper have a marked abrasive action on the Wire screens of paper-making machines whereas by the use of this improved filler, such abrasive action is entirely eliminated.

Furthermore, on high grade coated paper a trouble often encountered is a loosening of the coating of baryta and which does not result from paper produced through the use of my improved paper-stock.

Having thus described my improved paper-stock, without having attempted to set forth all the forms in which it may be made, or all themodes or applications of its use, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

1. An engine sizing for paper-pulp, comprising finely divided oyster shells.

2. A paper made from finely divided oyster shells.

3. A filler for paper-stock, comprising finely divided oyster shells and a sizing material.

4. A composition for paper-stock, comprising paper-pulp and powdered oyster shells.

5. A composition for paper-stock, comprising paper-pulp and finely reduced oyster shells combined in substantially the proportions stated.

6. A composition for prising paper-pulp and powdered oyster shells in about the proportions of five 5) parts of the former to one (1) of the latter.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses FRANK J. BAUMGARDNER. itnesses:

F. L. PHIPPS, CHAS. R. GIBSON.

paper pulp and paper-stock, com- 

